Ammonia-compressor.



3 2 r.. p .A um m O P G FERGUSON.

AMMONIA COMPRESSOR.. APPLICATION 'FILED Nov.1o. 1911.

GEORGE FERGUSON, OF APELDCORN, NETHERLANDS, ASSIGNOR TO AFELDOORNSCHE MASCHINENFABRIEK EN METAALGIETERIJ VORHEEN LOOG LANDAAL, OF APEL* DOORN, NETHERLANDS.

AMMONIA-COMPRESSOR.

incanta.

speciaeatitn of Letters retenu Patented Apr. 23, i912..

Application tiled November 10, 1917. Serial No. 201,339. l i

To all whom 1i may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE FERGUSON, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at Apeldoorn, Province of Gelderland, in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Ammonia-Compressors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ammonia compressors, proposing a construction which is provided with a water cooling jacket.

In the known constructions the provision of the water jacket has rendered the form of the cylinder complicated; and further, in casting, owing to the trapping of the air by the core of the water jacket, the metal of the cylinder assumes a somewhat porous character which renders liable a disadvantageous leakage of ammonia.

The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the above objections, e'. c. to provide an ammonia compressor having a water j acketed cylinder wherein the cylinder is exceedingly simple in its construction and wherein there is no liability of leakage of the ammonia, this advantage being achieved by a peculiar construction and arrangement of parts whereby, in casting, the objectionable porous characteristic above mentioned is not developed and whereby all joints are conveniently and satisfactorily packed.

Further objects of the invention are to increase the eiiiciency of the compressor, to provide for easy access to the cylinder valves and to provide for the accurate alinement of the cylinder relatively to the crosshead guide and the stable support of the cylinder by the frame which is utilized in the construction of the water jacket.

With the above objects in view the invention consists in certain novel features of structure, combination and lelation which will be set forth in detail as the description proceeds. Y

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing; wherein Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of an ammonia compressor in which the features of the invention are incorporated.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line I-l of Fig. 2.

' Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on line II-lI of F ig. 1, and y Fig. 4 is a vertical crossssection on line III-IH of Fig. 1.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The compressor cylinder 1 is closed at its ends by the outer and inner heads 2 and 3, the head 3 being provided with a suitable stutling box 4 for the piston rod 5. The means for cooling the stuliing box has not been illustrated. rlhe cylinder 1 is attached to the supporting frame 6 by a series of bolts 7, two of which are shown in Fig. 2. rlhe head 3 has a marginal flange 8 which fits within a recess of the frame, thereby to center saidv head relatively to the frame. The frame has a projecting or overhanging portion which encircles a portion of the cylinder and is provided at its outer end with internal annular ribs 9 and 10 for the support of the cylinder. IThe ribs 9 and 10 delimit the intermediate portion ofthe eX- ternal wall of the water jacket and the ribs are fitted to the outer portions of said external wall, the joints between the ribs and the adjacent surfaces of the water jacket being suitably packed. The exact centering of the cylinder 1, the stutling boX t, and crosshead-guide 11 is thus secured. The cylinder is fixed in position by the frame and does not require a special support on the foundation or bed.

The cylinder is provided along its upper ends with -inlet openings 12 which are controlled by suitable suction valves (not shown) and along its lowerside with outlet openings 13 which are controlled by suitable pressure valves (not shown).

The inlet conduit (not shown) is connected with the inlet nipple 14C and the outlet conduit (not shown) is similarly connected with the outlet nipple 15. The nipples 14 and 15 are located beyond the frame, preferably in the plane of the line lil- 11.

. The openings 12 are located at the ends of an inlet duct or chamber 16 which is disposed lengthwise and externally of the cylinder and the openings 13 are similarly located at the ends of an outlet duct or chamber 17. The nipples 14 and 15 communicate with the respective ducts or chambers 1G and 17, said nipples being preferably located in the same plane as the valves which adjoin the head 2. The frame 6 is provided with openings 18 `and 19 through which convenient access may be had to the valves which acl-join the head 3.

The Water jacket has its external Wall cast in part with the cylinder and in part with the frame. The outer portions of the said external wall are cast with the cylinder and the intermediate portion of said Wall is cast With the frame, and, as above pointed out, constitutes the portion ,ot the frame which is located between the ribs 9 and Y10. This peculiar construction of the external Wall of the Water jacket permits oi' .the escape of air Without-ditliculty from the jacket space during the casting operation.

rThe Water jacket is provided With an inlet opening 20 and ivith a discharge opening 21, these openings being so arranged that the upper portion of lthe cylinder, together with the ammonia inlet valves (not shown), the nipple 14 and the duct or chamber 16, is sitnat-ed above the level of the cooling Water (Fig. et). The ammonia as it comes from the evaporator has a temperature below the Yfreezing point and the parts above the level of the cooling Water are covered by a layer of snow or ice Which has an insulating eiiect. The purpose of the location of the openings 2O and 21 as described is to prevent the loss of cold which would take place in case the upper Portion of the cylinder and the parts associated therewith were in Contact With Water, instead of with air as in the construction according to the invention. That is to say if the upper portion of the cylinder Were in Contact With Water a considerable heat transmission between such cylinder portion and the cooling Water Would be set up With a consequent considerable loss of cold. The. exposure et' the upper portion ot' the cylinder to air avoids such loss becaues air transmits heat much less effectivelyT than Water. Themanner of cooling which the invention provides for consequently results in an increase in the etliciency ot the coinpressor. l

The lower portion of the cylinder and the parts associated therewith, through which the hot compression gases tioiv, are surrounded by the cooling` Water.

Having thus described my invention, claim- 1. In an ammonia compressor, a cylinder, a supporting trame having an end portion which encircles a portion of the cylinder, and a Water jacket having the end portions of its external Wall cast with the cylinder and the intermediate portion of said Wall cast with the frame, the frame vhaving at its outer end a pair of spaced internal annular kribs for centering and supporting the cylinder', and having the said intermediate )ortion of the external Wall of the water jac iet located between said ribs.

2. In an ammonia compressor, a cylinder, a supporting frame having an end portion which encircles a portion of the cylinder, the cylinder having a flanged head at its inner end and the frame ,having a recess in which said head tits, thereby to center the cylinder, means for securing the cylinder adjacent said flanged head .to said trame, and a Water jacket having the end portions ot ,its ex tern-al ivall. cast ivith the cylinder and the intermedia-te portion ot said wall east with the frame.y the traine having at its outer cnil a pair of spaced internal annular ribs tor centering and supporting the cylinder, and having the said intermediate portion ot thc external wall oiI the Water jacket located hetiveen said ribs.

3. 1n an ammonia compressor, a cylinder, a supporting` frame having an end portion which encircles a portion ot the cylinder, and a Water jacket having" the end portions oi: its external wall cast with the cylinder and the intermediate portion of said ivall cast with the trame, the frame having at its outer end a pair of spaced internal annular ribs for centering` and supportingl the cylinder, and ha ving the said intermediate portion ot the externa l` Wall ot the Water jacket located betnfeen said ribs, the cylinder having` inlet and outlet valves adjacent both ends thereof and the portion oit` thc trame which encircles the cylinder having openings through which access may be had to the valves at tho inner end of the cylinder.

4e. In an ammonia compressor, a cylinder, a supporting` frame having an end portion Which encircles a portion of the. cylinder, the

cylinder having inlet valves alongits upper side, and a water jacket having the end portions of its external Wall east withv the cylinder and the intermediate portion of said wall cast ivith the frame, the frame having at its outer end a pair oit spaced internal annular ribs for centering and supporting theI cylinder, and having the said intermediate portion of the external ivall oi the 'ater jacket located between said ribs, the water jacket having inlet and outlet nipples so located that the upper portion oli the cylinder is located above the cooling Water.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my hand.

GEORGE FERGUSON. Witnesses:

D. KLIYN, M. ALvARADo.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

